Japanese Angelica Tree

Common Name: Japanese angelica tree

Scientific Name: Aralia elata

Native Range: East Asia

Background

Japanese angelica tree is a fast-growing deciduous tree that can reach 40 feet in height. The trunk and larger stems are covered with sharp spines. Leaves are compound and can grow up to four feet long. Each compound leaf may have up to 80 oval leaflets. The underside of each leaflet has a fine pubescence. Japanese angelica tree flowers in later summer, producing clusters of white 5 petaled flowers that ripen into round dark-purple or black fruits.

Habitat

Japanese angelica tree can be found along forest edges or in canopy openings, along riparian corridors, and in forested wetlands. It is frequently encountered on disturbed sites and in urban areas.

NYS Distribution Map

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Identification

Sharp spines on the trunk and larger branches
Large compound leaves
Creamy white flowers in mid-summer
Small purpleish black fruit

Impact

Japanese angelica tree grows rapidly, adding up to 2 feet of growth each year. It forms dense thickets that exclude native plant species. Berries are readily consumed by birds and other wildlife, increasing the likelihood of long distance dispersal. Ornamental plantings are common, especially in urban areas, and can serve as a seed source for establishment and expansion into natural areas. Contact with Japanese angelica tree’s spiny trunk and branches may cause minor injury or irritation.

Prevention and Control

Small plants can be managed by hand pulling or digging. However, aggressive root sprouting limits the effectiveness of mechanical treatment for larger plants. Mature individuals are best treated with a foliar spray or cut stump treatment using a glyphosate-based herbicide.